Kuyini i-hemoglobin (Hgb, Hb)?

I-Hemoglobin (Hgb, Hb) iyiprotheni esemangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi ethwala umoya-mpilo usuka emaphashini uye ezicutshini zomzimba wakho bese ibuyisela i-carbon dioxide evela ezicutshini emuva emaphashini akho.

I-Hemoglobin yakhiwe ngama-molecule amane amaprotheni (amaketanga e-globulin) axhumene ndawonye. Uchungechunge ngalunye lwe-globulin luqukethe i-porphyrin compound ebalulekile equkethe insimbi ebizwa ngokuthi i-heme. Kufakwe ngaphakathi kwe-heme compound kukhona i-athomu yensimbi ebalulekile ekuthuthweni komoya-mpilo kanye ne-carbon dioxide egazini lethu. Insimbi equkethwe ku-hemoglobin nayo inesibopho sombala obomvu wegazi.

I-hemoglobin nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni isimo samaseli abomvu egazi. Esimweni sawo semvelo, amaseli abomvu egazi ayindilinga anezindawo ezincane ezifana ne-donut engenambobo phakathi. Ngakho-ke, isakhiwo se-hemoglobin esingajwayelekile singaphazamisa isimo samaseli abomvu egazi futhi siphazamise ukusebenza kwawo nokugeleza kwawo emithanjeni yegazi.

Kungani kwenziwe

Ungathola ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin ngezizathu eziningana:

Ukuhlola impilo yakho iyonke.Udokotela wakho angase ahlole i-hemoglobin yakho njengengxenye yokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha ukuze aqaphe impilo yakho jikelele futhi ahlole izifo ezahlukahlukene, njenge-anemia.
Ukuthola isifo esithile.Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin uma ubhekene nobuthakathaka, ukukhathala, ukuphelelwa umoya noma isiyezi. Lezi zimpawu zingase zikhombe ku-anemia noma i-polycythemia vera. Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin kungasiza ekuxilongeni lezi noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
Ukuqapha isimo sempilo.Uma utholakale une-anemia noma i-polycythemia vera, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin ukuqapha isimo sakho nokuqondisa ukwelashwa.

Yini iziokuvamileamazinga e-hemoglobin?

Izinga le-hemoglobin livezwa njengenani le-hemoglobin kumagremu (gm) nge-deciliter (dL) yegazi lonke, i-deciliter eyodwa ingu-100 milliliters.

Amazinga ajwayelekile e-hemoglobin ancike eminyakeni yobudala, futhi kusukela ebusheni, ubulili bomuntu. Amazinga ajwayelekile yilawa:

Zonke lezi zindinganiso zingase zihluke kancane phakathi kwama-laboratory. Amanye ama-laboratory awahlukanisi phakathi kwamazinga e-hemoglobin abantu abadala kanye “nangemva kweminyaka ephakathi.” Abesifazane abakhulelwe belulekwa ukuba bagweme amazinga e-hemoglobin aphezulu naphansi ukuze bagweme izingozi zokuzalwa kwengane eshonile (i-hemoglobin ephezulu – ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile) kanye nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa kwengane enesisindo esiphansi (i-hemoglobin ephansi – ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile).

Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin kwembula ukuthi izinga lakho le-hemoglobin liphansi kunejwayelekile, kusho ukuthi unenani eliphansi lamaseli abomvu egazi (i-anemia). I-anemia ingaba nezimbangela eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukopha kanye nezifo ezingamahlalakhona.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin kubonisa izinga eliphezulu kunejwayelekile, kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona - isifo segazi i-polycythemia vera, ukuhlala endaweni ephakeme, ukubhema kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Imiphumela ephansi kunejwayelekile

Uma izinga lakho le-hemoglobin liphansi kunejwayelekile, une-anemia. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia, ngayinye inezimbangela ezahlukene, ezingabandakanya:

Ukuntuleka kwensimbi
Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin B-12
Ukuntuleka kwe-folate
Ukopha
Umdlavuza othinta umongo wamathambo, njenge-leukemia
Isifo sezinso
Isifo sesibindi
I-Hypothyroidism
I-Thalassemia - isifo sofuzo esibangela amazinga aphansi e-hemoglobin namaseli abomvu egazi

Uma uke watholakala une-anemia ngaphambilini, izinga le-hemoglobin elingaphansi kunejwayelekile lingabonisa isidingo sokushintsha uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Imiphumela iphakeme kunejwayelekile

Uma izinga lakho le-hemoglobin liphakeme kunejwayelekile, kungaba umphumela walokhu okulandelayo:

I-Polycythemia vera - isifo segazi lapho umongo wakho wamathambo ukhiqiza khona amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaningi kakhulu
Isifo samaphaphu
Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
Ukuhlala endaweni ephakeme kakhulu
Ukubhema kakhulu
Ukusha
Ukuhlanza ngokweqile
Ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile